#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
long long int t, x, y;
int main()
{
    freopen(".2.in","r",stdin);
    freopen(".2.out","w",stdout);
    cin>>t;
    while(t--)
    {
        cin>>x>>y;
        cout<<x*y+(x+y-1)<<endl;
    }
}